РІР‚СљThis means all our different solvers, optimizers and post-processing options are available within the same user interface, and can use the same models,РІР‚Сњ says CST Technical Writer Stephen Murray. At Computer Simulation Technology AG (CST), this requirement is managed by the companyРІР‚в„ўs РІР‚СљComplete TechnologyРІР‚Сњ approach across CST STUDIO SUITE software. The operational frequency of EM components and systems may encompass the kilohertz, radio frequency (RF), microwave or even optical ranges, with each band requiring different mathematical approaches to simulation for the most accurate results.

With ANSYS Workbench, users can couple ANSYS Maxwell models to ANSYS Mechanical, ANSYS Fluent or ANSYS Icepak to perform a stress, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or thermal analysis. The Workbench I/O function takes care of data mapping and formatting, he adds, even if the mesh doesnРІР‚в„ўt match up between the EM and structural simulations, which is usually the case. РІР‚СљUsers just have to take the results of the electromagnetic simulation and drag-and-drop them on the project page to link them to the setup of the other simulation.РІР‚Сњ РІР‚СљANSYS Workbench is ideal to do that,РІР‚Сњ says Thieffry. This effect could also be time- and frequency-dependent.РІР‚СњР”Вesigners need tools to readily transfer this data from one simulation to the other-sometimes in both directions. This means temperature changes in the body, which creates stresses due to thermal deformations (temperature differences in the structure). РІР‚СљA potential source is heat transfer: If you look at EM systems, they usually induce losses. РІР‚СљYou must understand which data will have an influence on the model,РІР‚Сњ he continues. As with any simulation setup, says Pierre Thieffry, ANSYS product line manager for structural mechanics, engineers must define the loads, boundary conditions and forces at work. Standard steps apply, whether evaluating mechanical or EM part behavior. Comparison of measured and simulated magnetic flux density, with excellent agreement, as analyzed with COMSOL Multiphysics software. However, electromagnetics problems can be a lot harder to predict prior to analysis, especially if you consider induced currents, magnetic fields and resonant phenomena.РІР‚Сњ His advice to mechanical engineers tackling their first EM projects: РІР‚СљBe familiar with all aspects of the design-the material properties, the operating conditions and most importantly, the outputs.РІР‚СњР”Р„ Miele induction-heating stovetop (right) delivers energy directly to the pot as well as the food within-eliminating the need to heat the stove surface as an intermediary step. New Design Strategies NeededР”В¬onsidering the challenges of EM simulations, Walter Frei, a COMSOL Multiphysics electrical engineer says, РІР‚СљA good structural or thermal analyst can usually have an intuitive feel for what the solution will look like, even before they do much analysis. And combining EM and mechanical analyses requires twice the decisions about importing geometry, setting boundary conditions and defining material properties. Time-scales for electric, thermal and mechanical simulations can differ by a factor of 100. The finite element analysis (FEA) meshes for each physics simulation are most likely not the same-for example, you must model the air as a propagation path. Knowing which aspects of an EM model are critical or minor for input to a mechanical analysis can be tricky. This step means adding new considerations to design and analysis tasks. When working with low frequencies (as in motors, loudspeakers and transformers) or high (for antennas, microwave ovens and particle accelerators), mechanical engineers must move beyond electronic circuits and control systems into the realm of EM field theory. Image courtesy of Altair/EMSS.Р”В¬ ollision-avoidance systems, deep-tissue heating devices and induction-heating stovetops all owe their existence to designs that used to be mostly mechanical, yet now include complex electromagnetic (EM) components. Windscreen antenna definition as part of CAD model creation, for analysis with Altair/EMSS FEKO software.

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